Country:

India

Province / State: Tamil Nadu
District: All

Number of People Groups

582

Unreached People Groups

513

Total Population

84,857,000

Buddhist

0.0 %

Christian

5.9 %

Hindu

88.0 %

Muslim

5.7 %

Sikh

0.0 %

Other Religions

0.3 %
Click column headings for sorting ▲▼
Photo People Group Population Primary Language Progress
Scale
Hindu Muslim Buddhist Christian Sikh Other
 Adi Andhra 66,000 Telugu 66,000 - 90 800 - -
Adi Andhra Christian 12,000 Telugu - - - 12,000 - -
 Adi Dravida 8,214,000 Tamil ☀︎ 8,199,000 - 5,900 7,500 500 -
Adi Dravida Christian 619,000 Tamil - - - 585,000 - -
 Adi Karnataka 30,000 Kannada 30,000 - - - - -
Adi Karnataka Christian 400 Kannada - - - 400 - -
 Adiyan 4,500 Malayalam 4,400 20 - 30 - 30
Agamudaiyan Mukkulattar 1,300 Tamil ☀︎ 1,300 - - - - -
Agamudaiyan Nattaman 697,000 Tamil 696,000 - - 1,400 - -
Agamudaiyan Udayar 9,800 Tamil 8,000 - - 1,800 - -
 Agamudaiyan unspecified 823,000 Tamil 819,000 - - 4,400 - -
Ager (Hindu traditions) 90 Kannada ☀︎ 90 - - - - -
 Agri 30 Marathi ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
Aiyanavar 3,000 Telugu 2,800 - - 200 - -
Aiyanavar Christian 7,800 Telugu - - - 7,800 - -
Ajila 200 Malayalam ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Alambadi Kurichchan 6,900 Kurichiya 6,900 20 - - - 40
 Alavan 5,000 Tamil ☀︎ 5,000 - - - - -
 Ambalavasi 72,000 Malayalam 72,000 - - 500 - -
Ambalavasi Kambalattu 3,200 Tamil 3,200 - - 50 - -
Ambalavasi Tottiyan Naicker 12,000 Tamil 12,000 - - 100 - -
 Ambattan (Hindu traditions) 191,000 Tamil ☀︎ 191,000 - - 90 - -
Ambattan Christian 2,300 Tamil - - - 2,200 - -
 Angami 60 Naga, Angami - - - 60 - -
Anglo 11,000 English - - - 10,000 - -
 Ansari 36,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 36,000 - - - -
Anuppan 800 Kannada ☀︎ 800 - - - - -
 Ao 60 Naga, Ao - - - 60 - -
 Arab Unknown Arabic, Mesopotamian ☀︎ - - - - - -
Arasar 9,600 Malayalam 9,300 - - 300 - -
Arasar Christian 26,000 Malayalam - - - 26,000 - -
 Arasu 3,700 Kannada ☀︎ 3,700 - - - - -
 Aray Mala 600 Telugu ☀︎ 600 - - - - -
Arayan 53,000 Malayalam 53,000 - - 200 - -
 Arora (Sikh traditions) 700 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 700 -
 Arunthathiyar 1,105,000 Tamil ☀︎ 1,105,000 - 100 - 70 -
 Arwa Mala 91,000 Tamil ☀︎ 91,000 - - - - -
 Assamese (Muslim traditions) 40 Assamese ☀︎ - 40 - - - -
 Ayyanavar 2,800 Malayalam 2,800 - - - - -
 Badaga 223,000 Badaga 223,000 - - 700 - -
 Badhai (Hindu traditions) 3,900 Hindi ☀︎ 3,900 - - - - -
 Bagata 200 Telugu 200 - - - - -
 Bagdi (Hindu traditions) 200 Bengali ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Baha'i 2,400 Hindi ☀︎ - - - - - 2,500
 Baira 3,100 Kannada ☀︎ 3,100 - - - - -
 Bairagi (Hindu traditions) 36,000 Bengali ☀︎ 36,000 - - - - -
Bakad 40 Hindi ☀︎ 40 - - - - -
Bakuda 5,500 Tamil ☀︎ 5,500 - - - - -
Balagai 7,200 Kannada ☀︎ 7,200 - - - - -
 Balija (Hindu traditions) 238,000 Kannada ☀︎ 238,000 - - - - -
Balija Bogam 4,800 Telugu ☀︎ 4,800 - - - - -
Balija Bolla 25,000 Telugu ☀︎ 25,000 - - - - -
Balija Dasari 8,800 Kannada ☀︎ 8,800 - - - - -
Balija Musugu 200 Telugu ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
Bandi (Hindu traditions) 3,500 Tamil ☀︎ 3,500 - - - - -
 Bania Agarwal 28,000 Hindi ☀︎ 23,000 - - - - 5,200
 Bania Agrahari 70 Hindi ☀︎ 70 - - - - -
 Bania Chetti 438,000 Tamil ☀︎ 396,000 - - - - 42,000
Bania Gujar 100 Gujarati ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
Bania Irupathi Nalu Manai Chetti 18,000 Telugu ☀︎ 18,000 - - - - -
 Bania Komti 33,000 Telugu ☀︎ 33,000 - - - - 300
Bania Mahajan 1,300 Hindi ☀︎ 1,300 - - - - -
 Bania Mahesri 3,000 Hindi ☀︎ 3,000 - - - - -
 Bania Mahur 400 Hindi ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
 Bania Oswal 9,200 Hindi ☀︎ 3,000 - - - - 6,200
 Bania Porwal 5,100 Hindi ☀︎ 3,400 - - - - 1,700
 Bania Srimali 1,000 Gujarati ☀︎ 1,000 - - - - -
Bania Trivarnika Vaisya 4,000 Telugu ☀︎ 4,000 - - - - -
 Bania unspecified 739,000 Hindi ☀︎ 665,000 - - 20 - 74,000
 Banijiga 16,000 Kannada 16,000 - - - - -
 Banjara (Hindu traditions) 85,000 Lambadi 85,000 - - - - -
 Banjara Rathod (Hindu traditions) 4,500 Lambadi 4,500 - - - - -
 Baria (Hindu traditions) 2,500 Gujarati ☀︎ 2,500 - - - - -
Bariki 200 Odia 200 - - - - -
 Basor 168,000 Hindi ☀︎ 168,000 - - - - -
Bathada 400 Kannada ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
 Bauri 90 Bengali 90 - - - - -
 Bawaria (Sikh traditions) 60 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 60 -
 Bedar (Hindu traditions) 156,000 Kannada ☀︎ 156,000 - - - - -
 Beldar (Hindu traditions) 163,000 Kannada ☀︎ 163,000 - - - - -
Beldar Kannada Balija Naicker 5,700 Kannada ☀︎ 5,700 - - - - -
Beldar Lonari (Hindu traditions) 3,500 Kannada ☀︎ 3,500 - - - - -
Beldar Sunkar 2,000 Kannada ☀︎ 2,000 - - - - -
Beldar Toreya 1,900 Kannada ☀︎ 1,900 - - - - -
Bellara 30 Kannada ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
 Bengali Muslim Moghal 22,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 22,000 - - - -
Bhansala 200 Marathi ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
Bharathar (Christian traditions) 39,000 Tamil - - - 39,000 - -
 Bharathar (Hindu traditions) 7,900 Tamil ☀︎ 7,900 - - - - -
 Bhat (Hindu traditions) 900 Hindi ☀︎ 900 - - - - -
 Bhil unspecified 200 Gujarati 200 - - - - -
 Bhoi (Hindu traditions) 52,000 Hindi ☀︎ 52,000 - - - - -
 Bhotia 30 Nepali - - 30 - - -
 Bohra 5,700 Gujarati ☀︎ - 5,600 - - - -
 Bondili 700 Telugu ☀︎ 700 - - - - -
 Boya 2,166,000 Telugu ☀︎ 2,166,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Anavala 600 Gujarati ☀︎ 600 - - - - -
Brahmin Ashtashasram 40,000 Tamil ☀︎ 40,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Audich 3,000 Gujarati ☀︎ 3,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Bengali 200 Bengali ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Brahmin Chitpavan 400 Marathi ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
 Brahmin Christian 3,700 Tamil - - - 3,400 - -
 Brahmin Deshastha 18,000 Marathi ☀︎ 18,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Dravida 87,000 Tamil ☀︎ 87,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Gaud Saraswat 23,000 Marathi ☀︎ 23,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Gaur 67,000 Hindi ☀︎ 67,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Gujar Gaur 4,400 Hindi ☀︎ 4,400 - - - - -
 Brahmin Gujarati 300 Gujarati ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Brahmin Iyer 259,000 Tamil ☀︎ 259,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Joshi 7,200 Hindi ☀︎ 7,200 - - - - -
 Brahmin Kannada 78,000 Kannada ☀︎ 78,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Karhada 2,200 Marathi ☀︎ 2,200 - - - - -
Brahmin Kosala Nadu 9,800 Telugu ☀︎ 9,800 - - - - -
Brahmin Mahratta 42,000 Marathi ☀︎ 42,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Marathi 3,600 Marathi ☀︎ 3,600 - - - - -
Brahmin Modh 2,100 Gujarati ☀︎ 2,100 - - - - -
Brahmin Mukkaniyar 17,000 Tamil ☀︎ 17,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Nambudiri 22,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 22,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Pancha Dravida 74,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 74,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Potti 11,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 11,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Saraswat 16,000 Hindi ☀︎ 16,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Sawaria 700 Hindi ☀︎ 700 - - - - -
Brahmin Sholiar 36,000 Tamil ☀︎ 36,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Tamil 439,000 Tamil ☀︎ 439,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Telaganya 28,000 Telugu ☀︎ 28,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin Telugu 61,000 Telugu ☀︎ 61,000 - - - - -
 Brahmin unspecified 2,400,000 Hindi ☀︎ 2,388,000 - - 700 - 11,000
Brahmin Vadama 34,000 Tamil ☀︎ 34,000 - - - - -
Brahmin Vaidik 200 Bengali ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Brahmin Velanadu 31,000 Telugu ☀︎ 31,000 - - - - -
 Budega Jangam 8,400 Telugu ☀︎ 8,400 - - - - -
 Burmese 500 Burmese - - 500 - - -
Byagara 300 Telugu ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
Byari (Beary) 18,000 Konkani ☀︎ - 18,000 - - - -
Chackaravar 20,000 Tamil ☀︎ 20,000 - - - - -
Chackaravar Christian 3,300 Tamil - - - 3,300 - -
Chakkiliyan (Christian traditions) 132,000 Tamil - - - 132,000 - -
 Chakkiliyan (Hindu traditions) 900,000 Tamil ☀︎ 899,000 - 500 600 40 -
 Chalvadi 100 Kannada ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
 Chamar (Hindu traditions) 600 Hindi 600 - - - - -
Chandala 80 Odia ☀︎ 80 - - - - -
 Charan (Hindu traditions) 300 Gujarati ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
Chavalakkaran 11,000 Malayalam 11,000 - - - - -
Chavalakkaran Christian 1,700 Malayalam - - - 1,700 - -
Chayakkaran 35,000 Tamil ☀︎ 35,000 - - - - -
 Chenchu 4,800 Telugu 4,700 - - 50 - -
 Chenna Dasar 90 Kannada ☀︎ 90 - - - - -
Cheruman (Hindu traditions) 1,600 Malayalam ☀︎ 1,600 - - - - -
Cherumar Christian 92,000 Malayalam - - - 92,000 - -
 Chhetri 70 Nepali 70 - - - - -
 Chhimba (Sikh traditions) 60 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 60 -
 Chitrakar (Hindu traditions) 300 Marathi ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Christian 192,000 Hindi - - - 189,000 - -
 Dakkal 300 Telugu ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Dandasi 200 Odia 200 - - - - -
 Darzi (Hindu traditions) 115,000 Hindi ☀︎ 115,000 - - - - -
Devadasi 3,700 Kannada ☀︎ 3,700 - - - - -
 Devadiga (Hindu traditions) 500 Tulu ☀︎ 500 - - - - -
 Devanga 47,000 Kannada 46,000 - - 1,000 - -
 Devendrakulathan 97,000 Tamil ☀︎ 97,000 - - - - -
 Devipujak Vaghri (Hindu traditions) 2,400 Gujarati 2,400 - - - - -
 Dhangar Bharwad 8,300 Gujarati ☀︎ 8,300 - - - - -
 Dhobi (Hindu traditions) 956,000 Hindi ☀︎ 956,000 - - - - -
 Dhobi (Muslim traditions) 5,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 4,700 - - - -
 Dhor 500 Marathi ☀︎ 500 - - - - -
 Divehi 200 Maldivian ☀︎ - 200 - - - -
Dom (Dombara) 4,600 Telugu ☀︎ 4,600 - - - - -
 Dom (Hindu traditions) 19,000 Odia 19,000 - - - - -
 Drukpa Unknown Dzongkha ☀︎ - - - - - -
 Dudekula 1,100 Telugu ☀︎ - 1,000 - - - -
Ellamalawar 300 Kannada ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
Eravallan 3,400 Tamil 3,300 - - 20 - -
 Gamit 1,900 Gamit 1,900 - - - - -
 Ganda 20 Odia 20 - - - - -
 Gandla 20,000 Telugu ☀︎ 20,000 - - - - -
 Gangakula 77,000 Kannada ☀︎ 77,000 - - - - -
 Garoda (Hindu traditions) 200 Gujarati ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Gauda 20 Odia ☀︎ 20 - - - - -
 Gavara 13,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 13,000 - - - - -
 Ghanchi (Hindu traditions) 600 Gujarati ☀︎ 600 - - - - -
 Ghasiya (Hindu traditions) 100 Hindi 100 - - - - -
 Goanese 16,000 Konkani, Goan - - - 16,000 - -
Godagali 30 Odia ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
 Godari 50 Telugu ☀︎ 50 - - - - -
Godda 800 Kannada ☀︎ 800 - - - - -
 Gond unspecified 400 Hindi 400 - - - - -
 Gosain unspecified 300 Hindi ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Gosangi (Hindu traditions) 4,200 Telugu ☀︎ 4,200 - - - - -
 Gudigar 500 Konkani ☀︎ 500 - - - - -
 Gujar (Hindu traditions) 300 Hindi ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Gurung Ghaleg Unknown Nepali - - - - - -
 Hajam 25,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 24,000 - - - -
 Hakki Pikki 7,900 Vaagri Booli 7,900 - - - - -
Halleer 20 Konkani, Goan ☀︎ 20 - - - - -
Halsar 80 Kannada ☀︎ 80 - - - - -
 Han Chinese, Mandarin 400 Chinese, Mandarin - - 400 - - 50
 Hande Jogi 5,200 Kannada ☀︎ 5,200 - - - - -
 Hasalaru 90 Tulu ☀︎ 90 - - - - -
Hasla 200 Kannada ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Hill Pulayan 111,000 Tamil 110,000 - - 300 - -
 Ho 20 Ho 20 - - - - -
 Holar 3,700 Marathi 3,700 - - - - -
 Holaya 30 Kannada ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
Holaya Dasar 400 Telugu ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
Idayan 30,000 Tamil ☀︎ 30,000 - - - - -
 Ilavan 2,362,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 2,362,000 - - 500 - -
Ilavan Christian 62,000 Tamil - - - 62,000 - -
Ilavaniyan 6,800 Malayalam ☀︎ 6,800 - - - - -
Ilavathi 20,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 20,000 - - - - -
Ilayathu 17,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 17,000 - - - - -
 Irular 214,000 Irula 213,000 300 - 700 - 400
Jaggali 1,000 Telugu 1,000 - - - - -
Jambuvulu Unknown Telugu ☀︎ - - - - - -
 Jat (Hindu traditions) 3,700 Hindi ☀︎ 3,700 - - - - -
 Jat (Sikh traditions) 6,800 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 6,600 -
Jatapu 200 Telugu 200 - - - - -
 Jenu Kuruba 12,000 Kurumba, Jennu ☀︎ 12,000 - - - - -
 Jewish, South Asian 20 Marathi ☀︎ - - - - - 20
 Jhinwar (Sikh traditions) 300 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 300 -
 Jogi (Hindu traditions) 31,000 Bengali ☀︎ 31,000 - - - - -
 Kabirpanthi 100 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 100 -
 Kachari (Hindu traditions) 100 Marathi ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
Kadaiyar 14,000 Tamil 13,000 - - 500 - -
 Kadan 800 Malayalam 800 - - - - -
Kadu Kuruba 13,000 Kannada ☀︎ 13,000 - - - - -
 Kahar (Hindu traditions) 60 Hindi ☀︎ 60 - - - - -
Kahar (Sikh traditions) 200 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 100 -
 Kahha 40 Naga, Phom - - - 40 - -
 Kaibartta unspecified 400 Bengali ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
 Kaikadi 22,000 Kannada ☀︎ 22,000 - - - - -
 Kaikolan 2,527,000 Tamil 2,519,000 - - 6,200 - -
 Kakkalan 8,300 Malayalam ☀︎ 8,300 - - - - -
 Kalal (Hindu traditions) 155,000 Telugu ☀︎ 155,000 - - - - -
 Kalal Idiga 108,000 Telugu ☀︎ 108,000 - - - - -
Kalladi 400 Malayalam ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
Kallan Tondaman 508,000 Tamil 507,000 - - 1,400 - -
 Kallan unspecified 1,196,000 Tamil 1,194,000 - - 2,400 - -
Kamathi 60 Telugu ☀︎ 60 - - - - -
 Kamboh (Sikh traditions) 200 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 200 -
Kammara 1,400 Telugu 1,400 - - - - -
Kamsala 30 Odia ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
Kanakkan 6,300 Malayalam ☀︎ 6,200 - - 50 - -
 Kanikkaran 4,300 Kanikkaran 4,000 - - 300 - -
 Kaniyan 2,500 Malayalam 2,000 - - 500 - -
 Kapu Reddi 82,000 Telugu ☀︎ 82,000 - - - - -
 Kapu unspecified 562,000 Telugu ☀︎ 562,000 - - - - -
Karimpalan 600 Malayalam ☀︎ 600 - - - - -
 Karnam 90 Odia ☀︎ 90 - - - - -
 Kasar (Hindu traditions) 1,300 Marathi ☀︎ 1,200 - - 100 - -
 Kashmiri (Muslim traditions) 300 Kashmiri ☀︎ - 300 - - - -
 Kattunayakan 53,000 Tamil 52,000 30 - 300 - 50
Kavara 68,000 Tamil ☀︎ 68,000 - - - - -
Kavathi 12,000 Tamil ☀︎ 12,000 - - - - -
Kavathi Christian 2,300 Tamil - - - 2,300 - -
Kavuthiyan 1,600 Malayalam ☀︎ 1,600 - - - - -
 Kayastha (Hindu traditions) 300 Hindi ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
Kepmaris 1,200 Tamil ☀︎ 1,200 - - - - -
Keralamuthali 3,600 Malayalam 3,600 - - 20 - -
Keralamuthali Christian 900 Malayalam - - - 900 - -
 Khandait 50 Odia ☀︎ 50 - - - - -
 Kharva (Hindu traditions) 1,200 Gujarati 1,200 - - - - -
 Khasi 500 Khasi - - - 500 - -
 Khatri (Hindu traditions) 80 Hindi ☀︎ 80 - - - - -
 Khatri (Sikh traditions) 1,000 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 900 -
 Khoja 50 Gujarati ☀︎ - 50 - - - -
 Koli (Hindu traditions) 25,000 Hindi ☀︎ 25,000 - - - - -
 Koli Dhor 80 Marathi 80 - - - - -
 Koli Mahadev 2,700 Marathi ☀︎ 2,700 - - - - -
 Koli Malhar 800 Marathi ☀︎ 800 - - - - -
 Koli of Gujarat 15,000 Gujarati 15,000 - - - - -
Koliyan 9,100 Tamil 8,700 - - 400 - -
 Kolupulvandlu 200 Telugu ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Konda Dhora 1,000 Telugu 1,000 - - - - -
 Konda Kapu 700 Telugu 500 - - 200 - -
 Konda Reddi 13,000 Telugu 13,000 - - 20 - 20
 Konyak 50 Naga, Konyak - - - 50 - -
Kootan 4,300 Malayalam ☀︎ 4,300 - - - - -
 Koracha, caste 800 Kannada ☀︎ 800 - - - - -
Koracha, tribal 300 Tulu 300 - - - - -
 Korama unspecified 3,300 Kannada ☀︎ 3,300 - - - - -
 Kori 800 Hindi 800 - - - - -
 Koshti 58,000 Marathi ☀︎ 57,000 - - 200 - -
Kotegar 100 Kannada ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
 Koya unspecified 1,200 Telugu 1,200 - - - - -
Krishnanvak 13,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 13,000 - - - - -
Kuda Korava 2,100 Tamil ☀︎ 2,100 - - - - -
Kudiya 100 Kudiya 100 - - - - -
 Kudumban 29,000 Tamil 26,000 - - 2,200 - -
 Kudumi 129,000 Tamil ☀︎ 129,000 - - - - -
 Kui Khond 100 Odia 100 - - - - -
 Kuli 100 Odia 100 - - - - -
 Kumhar (Sikh traditions) 70 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 70 -
 Kumhar, Kusavar (Hindu traditions) 274,000 Hindi ☀︎ 274,000 - - - - -
 Kunbi (Hindu traditions) 48,000 Gujarati ☀︎ 48,000 - - - - -
Kunchatiga 37,000 Kannada ☀︎ 37,000 - - - - -
Kuravan (Christian traditions) 15,000 Tamil - - - 15,000 - -
 Kuravan (Hindu traditions) 159,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 159,000 - 100 - - -
 Kurmi (Hindu traditions) 57,000 Hindi ☀︎ 57,000 - - - - -
 Kuruba 861,000 Kannada 861,000 40 - 40 - 20
 Kuruman 35,000 Kurumba, Betta 35,000 60 - 30 - 80
 Labana (Sikh traditions) 200 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 200 -
 Lingayat 97,000 Kannada ☀︎ - - - - - 95,000
 Lohana 1,300 Gujarati ☀︎ 1,300 - - - - -
 Lohar (Hindu traditions) 148,000 Hindi ☀︎ 148,000 - - - - -
 Lotha 60 Naga, Lotha - - - 60 - -
Madari (Hindu traditions) 279,000 Tamil ☀︎ 279,000 - - - - -
 Madasi Kuruva 2,200 Telugu ☀︎ 2,200 - - - - -
 Madiga (Christian traditions) 7,300 Telugu - - - 7,000 - -
 Madiga (Hindu traditions) 6,700 Telugu 6,600 - 30 40 - -
 Madiga Dasu 300 Telugu ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Magar 20 Nepali 20 - - - - -
 Mahar (Buddhist traditions) 3,500 Marathi 3,500 - - - - -
 Mahar (Christian traditions) 1,700 Marathi - - - 1,600 - -
 Mahishya 700 Bengali 700 - - - - -
 Mahratta Kunbi 9,100 Gujarati ☀︎ 9,100 - - - - -
 Mahratta unspecified 141,000 Marathi ☀︎ 141,000 - - - - 200
 Mahtam (Sikh traditions) 300 Punjabi, Eastern - - - - 300 -
 Mahyavanshi 5,900 Gujarati 5,900 - - - - -
Maila 500 Tulu ☀︎ 500 - - - - -
 Mala (Christian traditions) 9,500 Telugu - - - 8,900 - -
 Mala (Hindu traditions) 4,300 Telugu 4,300 - - 30 - -
 Mala Dasari 9,000 Telugu ☀︎ 9,000 - - - - -
 Mala Dasu 700 Telugu ☀︎ 700 - - - - -
 Mala Jangam 200 Telugu ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
Mala Pulayan 79,000 Telugu ☀︎ 79,000 - - - - -
 Mala Sale 300 Telugu ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
Mala Urali 3,500 Telugu ☀︎ 3,500 - - - - -
 Malabar Catholic 271,000 Malayalam - - - 269,000 - -
Malai Arayan 400 Malayalam 300 - - 30 - -
Malai Pandaram 1,600 Malayalam 1,600 - - - - -
 Malai Vedan 8,200 Malayalam 8,000 - - 200 - -
Malakkuravan 22,000 Tamil 22,000 30 - 90 - 30
Malakuravan 1,000 Tamil ☀︎ 1,000 - - - - -
Malasar 7,300 Tamil 7,300 - - - - -
 Malayali 407,000 Tamil 406,000 400 20 500 - 200
Malayan, caste 28,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 28,000 - - - - -
Malayan, tribe 44,000 Tamil 44,000 - - - - -
Malayarayar 1,500 Malayalam 1,500 - - 20 - -
Malayekandi 300 Malayalam ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Mali (Hindu traditions) 200 Hindi ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Malla Jetty 500 Telugu ☀︎ 500 - - - - -
 Mang Garudi 20 Marathi ☀︎ 20 - - - - -
 Mangala 542,000 Telugu ☀︎ 542,000 - - - - -
Maniyattikkaran 5,700 Tamil ☀︎ 5,700 - - - - -
 Manna Dhora 100 Telugu 100 - - - - -
 Mannan, caste 49,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 49,000 - - 100 - -
Mannan, tribal 200 Malayalam 200 - - - - -
Manne 80 Telugu ☀︎ 80 - - - - -
 Mappila 106,000 Malayalam ☀︎ - 106,000 - - - -
Marakkan (Christian traditions) 200 Malayalam - - - 200 - -
Marakkan (Hindu traditions) 2,100 Malayalam ☀︎ 2,100 - - - - -
 Maravan 3,468,000 Tamil 3,377,000 - - 89,000 - -
 Masan Jogi 300 Kannada ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
Masthi 400 Telugu ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
Matang (Christian traditions) 400 Marathi - - - 400 - -
 Matang (Hindu traditions) 1,700 Marathi 1,700 - - - - -
Matangi 100 Telugu ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
 Mavilan 4,500 Tulu ☀︎ 4,500 - - - - -
 Megh (Hindu traditions) 70 Hindi ☀︎ 70 - - - - -
 Meitei unspecified 100 Meitei 100 - - - - -
 Memon 2,700 Gujarati ☀︎ - 2,700 - - - -
 Mizo 200 Mizo - - - 200 - -
Mizo Lushai 200 Mizo - - - 200 - -
 Mochi (Hindu traditions) 4,000 Bengali 4,000 - - - - -
 Moger unspecified 200 Kannada ☀︎ 200 - 20 - - -
 Momna 1,000 Gujarati ☀︎ - 1,000 - - - -
 Mudugar 1,500 Tamil 1,400 - - 90 - -
Mukha Dhora 60 Telugu 60 - - - - -
Mukkuvan (Christian traditions) 3,700 Malayalam - - - 3,600 - -
Mukkuvan (Hindu traditions) 12,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 12,000 - - - - -
Mukkuvan (Muslim traditions) 30 Malayalam ☀︎ - 30 - - - -
Mundala 30 Kannada ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
 Munnur 58,000 Telugu ☀︎ 58,000 - - - - -
Mutali 42,000 Tamil 41,000 - - 900 - -
 Muthan 2,700 Malayalam ☀︎ 2,700 - - - - -
 Muthuvan 500 Malayalam 500 - - - - -
 Mutrasi 61,000 Telugu ☀︎ 61,000 - - 400 - -
Nadar (Christian traditions) 1,169,000 Tamil - - - 1,154,000 - -
 Nadar (Hindu traditions) 1,910,000 Tamil ☀︎ 1,910,000 - - - - -
 Nadia 40 Gujarati ☀︎ 40 - - - - -
 Naga 30 Nagamese - - - 30 - -
Nagartha 14,000 Kannada ☀︎ 14,000 - - - - -
 Nai (Hindu traditions) 668,000 Hindi ☀︎ 668,000 - - - - -
 Nai (Sikh traditions) 400 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 300 -
 Nair 1,516,000 Malayalam 1,501,000 - - 14,000 - -
Nair Anthur 50 Malayalam ☀︎ 50 - - - - -
Nalkadaya 200 Tulu ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Namassej (Hindu traditions) 200 Bengali 200 - - - - -
 Namassej Chandel 90 Bengali 90 - - - - -
 Nat (Hindu traditions) 4,700 Hindi ☀︎ 4,700 - - - - -
Navait 23,000 Konkani ☀︎ - 23,000 - - - -
 Navithan 854,000 Tamil ☀︎ 854,000 - - - - -
 Nayadi 200 Gujarati ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Newah 20 Nepali 20 - - - - -
 Odiya 200 Odia 200 - - - - -
Padannan 100 Malayalam ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
Pagadai 8,500 Tamil ☀︎ 8,500 - - - - -
Pale 100 Kannada ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
 Paliya 50 Bengali ☀︎ 50 - - - - -
 Paliyan 8,100 Tamil ☀︎ 8,100 - - - - -
Pallan (Christian traditions) 506,000 Tamil - - - 537,000 - -
 Pallan (Hindu traditions) 2,634,000 Tamil 2,628,000 - 1,200 5,300 90 -
Palleyan 400 Tamil 400 - - - - -
Palliyan 5,300 Tamil 5,000 - - 200 - -
Palliyar 6,200 Tamil 5,900 - - 300 - 20
Palluvan 200 Malayalam ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
Pambada 1,600 Telugu ☀︎ 1,600 - - - - -
 Pan 60 Odia 60 - - - - -
 Panan 205,000 Tamil ☀︎ 205,000 - - - - -
 Panchama 40 Telugu ☀︎ 40 - - - - -
 Pandaram 3,200 Malayalam ☀︎ 3,200 - - - - -
Panditattan 100 Malayalam ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
Panikkan 37,000 Tamil ☀︎ 37,000 - - - - -
 Paniyan 11,000 Paniya 11,000 70 - 200 - -
 Pannadi 5,000 Tamil ☀︎ 5,000 - - - - -
Panniandi 12,000 Tamil ☀︎ 12,000 - - - - -
Paraiyan (Christian traditions) 705,000 Tamil - - - 704,000 - -
 Paraiyan (Hindu traditions) 2,061,000 Tamil 2,055,000 - 1,100 3,800 300 -
Paravan (Christian traditions) 28,000 Tamil - - - 28,000 - -
 Paravan (Hindu traditions) 26,000 Malayalam 26,000 - 90 - - -
 Pardhan 50 Pardhan 50 - - - - -
 Parsee 300 Gujarati ☀︎ - - - - - 300
 Pashtun Afridi 27,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 27,000 - - - -
 Pashtun Ghilzai 600 Urdu ☀︎ - 600 - - - -
 Pashtun Kakar 20,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 20,000 - - - -
Pashtun Khan 700 Bengali ☀︎ - 700 - - - -
 Pashtun Lodhi (Dalazak) 8,500 Hindi ☀︎ - 8,500 - - - -
 Pashtun Mohmand 7,800 Urdu ☀︎ - 7,800 - - - -
 Pashtun Yusafzai 29,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 29,000 - - - -
 Pashtun, Pathan 204,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 203,000 - - - -
 Patelia 200 Gujarati 200 - - - - -
 Pathiyan 6,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 6,000 - - - - -
Patnulkaran 800 Tamil ☀︎ 800 - - - - -
 Persian 200 Dari ☀︎ - 200 - - - -
Perumal Makkukkaran 1,600 Telugu ☀︎ 1,600 - - - - -
Perumannan 48,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 48,000 - - - - -
Pichakuntla 400 Telugu ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
 Pindara 3,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 3,000 - - - -
 Pinjara 3,900 Urdu ☀︎ - 3,900 - - - -
Poi 50 Mizo - - - 50 - -
 Poundra 200 Bengali 200 - - - - -
Prabhu Kayastha 70 Marathi ☀︎ 70 - - - - -
Pulaya Vettuvan 200 Malayalam 200 - - - - -
 Pulayan unspecified 8,500 Malayalam ☀︎ 8,500 - 30 - - -
 Puthirai Vannan 32,000 Tamil 32,000 - - 100 - -
 Qassab 1,100 Hindi ☀︎ - 1,100 - - - -
 Rabari (Hindu traditions) 1,300 Gujarati ☀︎ 1,300 - - - - -
 Raddi 90 Kannada ☀︎ 90 - - - - -
 Rai Unknown Nepali - - - - - -
 Rajbansi (Hindu traditions) 300 Bengali 300 - - - - -
Rajpur 200 Konkani, Goan ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Rajput (Hindu traditions) 237,000 Hindi ☀︎ 236,000 - - - - 900
 Rajput (Sikh traditions) 2,600 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 2,500 -
 Rajput Bais (Hindu traditions) 1,300 Hindi ☀︎ 1,300 - - - - -
 Rajput Bhatti (Hindu traditions) 600 Hindi ☀︎ 600 - - - - -
Rajput Chandrabansi 14,000 Hindi ☀︎ 14,000 - - - - -
 Rajput Chauhan (Hindu traditions) 4,100 Hindi ☀︎ 4,100 - - - - -
 Rajput Gahlot (Hindu traditions) 300 Hindi ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Rajput Gaur 300 Hindi ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Rajput Ponwar (Hindu traditions) 1,500 Hindi ☀︎ 1,500 - - - - -
 Rajput Rathor (Hindu traditions) 1,800 Hindi ☀︎ 1,800 - - - - -
 Rajput Sengar 100 Hindi ☀︎ 100 - - - - -
 Rajput Solanki 60 Hindi ☀︎ 60 - - - - -
 Rajput Surajbansi 43,000 Hindi ☀︎ 43,000 - - - - -
Ralte 60 Mizo - - - 60 - -
 Ramdasia (Sikh traditions) 200 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 200 -
 Rangrez (Hindu traditions) 300 Marathi ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Rathawa 1,900 Rathawi ☀︎ 1,900 - - - - -
 Ravalia 300 Gujarati 300 - - - - -
 Rawat 500 Hindi ☀︎ 500 - - - - -
 Razu 66,000 Telugu ☀︎ 66,000 - - - - -
 Relli 100 Telugu 100 - - - - -
Rona 200 Odia 200 - - - - -
 Saini (Sikh traditions) 100 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 100 -
 Sali 132,000 Kannada ☀︎ 132,000 - - - - -
Sali Pattariyan 2,000 Tamil ☀︎ 2,000 - - - - -
 Samagara 40 Kannada ☀︎ 40 - - - - -
 Samanthan 300 Odia ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Samban 8,600 Tamil 8,300 - - 200 - -
 Santal (Sawntal) 40 Santhali 40 - - - - -
 Saora unspecified 100 Odia 100 - - - - -
 Sarera (Sikh traditions) 200 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 200 -
 Satani 29,000 Telugu ☀︎ 29,000 - - - - -
Sayankulam 1,200 Tamil ☀︎ 1,200 - - - - -
 Sayyid 266,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 264,000 - - - -
Sayyid Husaini 11,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 10,000 - - - -
 Sema 60 Naga, Sumi - - - 60 - -
Semman 2,900 Tamil 2,900 - - 40 - -
 Shaikh Faruqi 15,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 15,000 - - - -
 Shaikh Qureshi 121,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 120,000 - - - -
 Shaikh Siddiqi 54,000 Bengali ☀︎ - 53,000 - - - -
 Shaikh unspecified 923,000 Urdu ☀︎ - 913,000 - - - -
 Shaikh Usmani 6,900 Urdu ☀︎ - 6,800 - - - -
 Sillekyatha 400 Kannada ☀︎ 400 - - - - -
Silpi 76,000 Telugu ☀︎ 76,000 - - - - -
 Sinhalese 1,800 Sinhala ☀︎ - - 1,800 - - -
 Siyal 70 Odia 70 - - - - -
 Soligar 6,800 Sholaga 6,800 - - 40 - -
 Somvanshi 35,000 Marathi ☀︎ 35,000 - - - - -
 Sonar (Hindu traditions) 368,000 Hindi ☀︎ 367,000 - - - - 1,400
 Sonar (Sikh traditions) 70 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 70 -
 Sunri (Hindu traditions) 20 Bengali 20 - - - - -
 Syrian Christian 362,000 Malayalam - - - 359,000 - -
 Tamang Unknown Nepali - - - - - -
 Tamboli (Hindu traditions) 12,000 Hindi ☀︎ 11,000 - - - - 900
 Tamil (Muslim traditions) 2,968,000 Tamil ☀︎ - 2,931,000 - - - -
 Tanti (Hindu traditions) 200 Bengali ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
 Tarkhan (Sikh traditions) 800 Punjabi, Eastern ☀︎ - - - - 800 -
 Teli (Hindu traditions) 284,000 Hindi ☀︎ 284,000 - - - - -
 Thakkar 30 Marathi ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
Thandan (Christian traditions) 2,300 Malayalam - - - 2,200 - -
Thandan (Hindu traditions) 15,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 15,000 - - - - -
Thantapulayan 30 Malayalam ☀︎ 30 - - - - -
 Tharu 30 Bhojpuri 30 - - - - -
 Tholuva Naicker 1,000 Tamil 500 - - 500 - -
 Thoti, caste 4,800 Telugu ☀︎ 4,800 - - - - -
Thoti, tribal 90 Telugu ☀︎ 90 - - - - -
 Tibetan 200 Tibetan, Central - - 200 - - -
 Tili 90 Bengali ☀︎ 90 - - - - -
 Tipera 30 Kok Borok 30 - - - - -
 Tirgar (Hindu traditions) 200 Gujarati ☀︎ 200 - - - - -
Tiruvalluvar 1,500 Tamil ☀︎ 1,500 - - - - -
 Toda 2,300 Toda 2,000 20 - 300 - -
 Ulladan 400 Malayalam 400 - - - - -
 Urali 15,000 Malayalam 14,000 30 - 1,200 - 30
Urikkara Naicker 1,300 Telugu ☀︎ 1,200 - - - - 100
 Vaddar (Hindu traditions) 583,000 Telugu ☀︎ 581,000 - - 1,800 - -
Vadugan 25,000 Telugu ☀︎ 25,000 - - - - -
Vakkaliga Gangadikara 9,900 Kannada ☀︎ 9,900 - - - - -
Vakkaliga Kappiliyan 6,500 Kannada ☀︎ 6,500 - - - - -
Vakkaliga Kunchitiga 24,000 Kannada ☀︎ 24,000 - - - - -
 Vakkaliga unspecified 226,000 Kannada 226,000 - - - - -
 Valan 40,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 40,000 - - - - -
Valanchian 300 Malayalam ☀︎ 300 - - - - -
 Valluvan 103,000 Tamil ☀︎ 103,000 - 20 - - -
 Valmiki (Hindu traditions) 1,800 Hindi ☀︎ 1,800 - - - - -
Vaniyan 710,000 Tamil 598,000 - - 113,000 - -
Vannan (Christian traditions) 153,000 Tamil - - - 152,000 - -
 Vannan (Hindu traditions) 799,000 Tamil ☀︎ 799,000 - 40 800 - -
 Vanniyan 12,254,000 Tamil 12,059,000 - - 194,000 - -
Vanniyan Agnikula 530,000 Tamil 522,000 - - 8,100 - -
Vanniyan Kalingi 40,000 Tamil 40,000 - - 600 - -
Vanniyan Kamakshiamma 105,000 Tamil 104,000 - - 700 - -
Vanniyan Kotton 18,000 Tamil ☀︎ 18,000 - - - - -
 Vanniyan Pala Ekiri 2,500 Telugu ☀︎ 2,500 - - - - -
 Varli 1,700 Varli 1,700 - - - - -
Vathiriyan (Christian traditions) 4,300 Tamil - - - 4,200 - -
 Vathiriyan (Hindu traditions) 10,000 Tamil ☀︎ 10,000 - - - - -
Velakkithalanayan 219,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 219,000 - - - - -
 Velama 600 Telugu ☀︎ 600 - - - - -
Velan 600 Malayalam ☀︎ 600 - - - - -
Vellalan Isai 157,000 Tamil 156,000 - - 1,100 - -
Vellalan Kongu 22,000 Tamil ☀︎ 22,000 - - 20 - -
Vellalan Mudaliar 10,000 Tamil 10,000 - - - - -
Vellalan Nanchilnattu 221,000 Tamil 204,000 - - 17,000 - -
Vellalan Nanjanad 118,000 Tamil 115,000 - - 2,500 - -
Vellalan Pattanavan 7,700 Tamil ☀︎ 7,700 - - - - -
Vellalan Sozhia 164,000 Tamil 162,000 - - 1,800 - -
Vellalan Tondamandalam 231,000 Tamil 229,000 - - 2,000 - -
 Vellalan unspecified 1,839,000 Tamil 1,783,000 - - 55,000 - -
Vellalan Vipravindolu 1,200 Telugu ☀︎ 1,200 - - - - -
Vellalan Virakodi 132,000 Tamil 131,000 - - 1,100 - -
Veluthadanayar 106,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 106,000 - - - - -
Vetan (Christian traditions) 700 Malayalam - - - 700 - -
Vetan (Hindu traditions) 43,000 Tamil ☀︎ 43,000 - - - - -
Vettakkaran 3,200 Tamil ☀︎ 3,200 - - - - -
Vettuvan 21,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 21,000 - - - - -
 Vettuvan Gounder 1,700 Tamil ☀︎ 1,700 - - - - -
 Viswakarma Asari 317,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 317,000 - - - - -
 Viswakarma Kollan 62,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 62,000 - - - - -
 Viswakarma Panchal 10,000 Kannada ☀︎ 10,000 - - - - -
Viswakarma Thattan 75,000 Malayalam ☀︎ 75,000 - - - - -
 Viswakarma unspecified 2,672,000 Tamil 2,669,000 - - 3,100 - -
Viswakarma Vilkurup 4,600 Malayalam ☀︎ 4,600 - - - - -
 Yadav (Hindu traditions) 3,072,000 Hindi ☀︎ 3,072,000 - - - - -
 Yadav Ghosi 100,000 Hindi ☀︎ 100,000 - - - - -
 Yadav Gola 984,000 Telugu ☀︎ 984,000 - - - - -
 Yadav Sadgope 50 Bengali ☀︎ 50 - - - - -
 Yenadi 99,000 Telugu 99,000 30 - - - -
Yerava 20 Ravula 20 - - - - -
 Yerukula 16,000 Telugu 16,000 20 - - - -
 Yimchungra 50 Naga, Yimchungru - - - 50 - -
  Totals:  582 84,857,000   513 74,646,000 4,862,000 12,000 4,990,000 15,000 244,000
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